Height: 170 cmWeight: 90 kgBody Mass Index (BMI): 31.14 Kg/m2Weight Status: ObeseLatest fasting blood sugar: 190 mg/dLDiet History: Based on 24-hour food recall and food frequency questionnaire, patient Z has Excessive Caloric Intake of 2300 calories. The patient consumes more than the recommended portions of rice and meat, seldom eats vegetables, and consumes more than the recommended portion of fruits and sugary products.The patient is a known diabetic for five years and is not religious to his diet due to his busy lifestyle as a businessman.
INDIVIDUALIZED NUTRITION MANAGEMENT
Identified Nutrition Problems:
1. Excessive Caloric Intake
Nutrition Intervention:
> Provided Nutrition Counseling on a Caloric controlled diet with Total Caloric Requirement= 1900 Calories/day with an emphasis on food portion control and given Food distribution with Meal Plan
Rice exchange – 9 servings daily (90% complex carbohydrates from rice, bread, pasta, whole grains)
Meat exchange – 8 servings daily (with emphasis on lean meat and medium-fat meat)
Vegetable exchange – 4 servings daily
Fruit exchange – 3 servings daily
Milk exchange -1 serving daily, preferably low-fat milk
Fat exchange – 4 servings daily, preferably Unsaturated fatty acids from olive oil, canola oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil among others
> Encouraged consumption of fiber-rich foods to help lower down blood sugar levels. Men should aim for 38 grams of fiber per day.
Foods rich in Fiber:
>> 1 large Pear with skin (7 grams)
>> 1/2 medium Avocado (5 grams)
>> 1 ounce Almonds (3.5 grams)
>> 1/2 cup cooked Black Beans (7.5 grams)
>> 1/2 cup Oatmeal (1.7 grams)
>> 1/2 PC Apple (2.4 grams)
>> 1/2 cup Horseradish (4 grams)
>> 1/2 cup Cabbage (3 grams)
>> 1 /2 cup Broccoli (3.1 grams)
>> 1/2 cup Sweet Potato (3.6 grams)
> Limit sources of sugars and sweet to less than 5 grams or less than 1 teaspoon daily
> Total Fluid/ Water Requirement: 1900 mL or 8 glasses per day
2. Undesirable Weight Status
Nutrition Intervention:
> Encouraged to consume only 75-100 % of Total Caloric Requirement
> Encouraged regular physical activity with 150 minutes per week or staggered to 20-30 minutes daily.
> Consume foods less in calories and prefer nutrient dense foods such as vegetable salads or whole grains.
> The client was encouraged to keep record of a Food journal.
NUTRITION MONITORING AND EVALUATION
The patient was monitored every 2 weeks and after one month his blood sugar has significantly normalized. He religiously followed his meal plan and diet guide. He has also lost 8 pounds or 3.6 kg of weight within one month.
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